{"publication_id":"bde27e52-8cfd-4e9f-8721-e899352f3a58","traces":[{"claim_id":"claim_1","claim":"This receipt-backed scoping note has one bounded signal: acarbose shows endpoint-specific favorable signals with context limits across this 5-source primary bundle (2012-2019). Evidence role grouping: direction-bearing receipts: 3; null/mixed metric-scope caveat receipts: 0; context/antecedent/model receipts: 2 excluded from effect support. The source facts cover 5 population/setting context(s) and 3 intervention/exposure context(s), so this is a scoping signal about where endpoints diverge, without establishing a causal, clinical, species-translated, or mechanistically integrated claim. The listed effect sizes remain source-specific across endpoints and populations; they are not pooled or averaged. This is a heterogeneous indication/context map, not a unified disease-specific or endpoint-family claim. Concrete contrast: other/mixed: Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging: acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes; directionally favorable: Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice: significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm.","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_2","claim":"Across retrieved source-level receipts for acarbose, which endpoints show directionally favorable versus null/non-convergent signals, and what matched PICO remains untested?","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_3","claim":"Finding: 8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_4","claim":"| Outcome family | Receipt | Evidence role | Population/setting | Metric | Extracted finding |","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_5","claim":"| outcome-specific | Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice | directionally favorable | female mice | - | significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm |","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_6","claim":"| outcome-specific | Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and... | directionally favorable | maltose loaded diabetic rats | - | acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats |","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_7","claim":"| outcome-specific | Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in... | directionally favorable | diabetic rats | - | 8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose |","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_8","claim":"| Outcome family | Receipt | Evidence role | Population/setting | Metric | Extracted finding |","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_9","claim":"This receipt-backed scoping note has one bounded signal: acarbose shows endpoint-specific favorable signals with context limits across this 5-source primary bundle (2012-2019). Evidence role grouping: direction-bearing receipts: 3; null/mixed metric-scope caveat receipts: 0; context/antecedent/model receipts: 2 excluded from effect support. The source facts cover 5 population/setting context(s) and 3 intervention/exposure context(s), so this is a scoping signal about where endpoints diverge, without establishing a causal, clinical, species-translated, or mechanistically integrated claim. The listed effect sizes remain source-specific across endpoints and populations; they are not pooled or averaged. This is a heterogeneous indication/context map, not a unified disease-specific or endpoint-family claim. Concrete contrast: other/mixed: Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging: acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes; directionally favorable: Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice: significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm.","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_10","claim":"null/non-convergent or other/mixed: the extracted fact is null, mixed, or not directionally interpretable.","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_11","claim":"directionally favorable: Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice — significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_12","claim":"directionally favorable: Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats — acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_13","claim":"directionally favorable: Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats. — 8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_14","claim":"Evidence role summary: direction-bearing receipts: 3; null/mixed metric-scope caveat receipts: 0; context/antecedent/model receipts: 2 excluded from effect support.","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_15","claim":"Specific moderators in this bundle are population/indication (HET3 mice; diabetic rats; female mice; maltose loaded diabetic rats; mice fed high-starch diet), study design/evidence type (primary).","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_16","claim":"Population/settings are separated as receipt context: HET3 mice, diabetic rats, female mice, maltose loaded diabetic rats, and mice fed high-starch diet. The selected receipts group because each carries a fact-level extraction for acarbose; they separate by context (animal model) and endpoint, so they are not interchangeable evidence for one pooled claim.","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_17","claim":"The signal is purely descriptive of source-level direction and scope; it cannot support even a weak causal or comparative-efficacy inference, and pooling across these PICOs would be inappropriate.","citation_support":[],"candidate_sources":[{"study":"Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice","year":2019,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12898","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12898","population":"female mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 1000 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm","source_id":"source_1","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Life-span Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging","year":2019,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glz177","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz177","population":"HET3 mice","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose and 17-α estradiol do not strongly alter these phenotypes","source_id":"source_2","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats","year":2012,"doi":"10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.21013","population":"maltose loaded diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"acarbose produced 51% decrease in maltose loaded diabetic rats","source_id":"source_3","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome","year":2019,"doi":"10.1128/msphere.00528-18","url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00528-18","population":"mice fed high-starch diet","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose at 400 ppm","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure.","source_id":"source_4","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"},{"study":"Acarbose reduces blood glucose by activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in diabetic rats.","year":2013,"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079697","population":"diabetic rats","intervention_or_exposure":"acarbose","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary","excerpt":"8-week treatment with acarbose significantly decreased fasting blood glucose.","source_id":"source_5","support_kind":"candidate_source_row"}]}]}